Section [426C Irrelevance of privilege]

Qualified one-way costs shifting (QOCS)

Qualified one-way costs shifting (QOCS)What is QOCS?Qualified one-way costs shifting (QOCS) was introduced on 1 April 2013 as part of the Jackson costs reforms following the removal of a claimant’s right to recover additional liabilities from the defendant, ie success fees and after the event (ATE)

VAT definition

Affray

AffrayAffray is an offence created by the Public Order Act 1986 (POA 1986). It can be tried in either the magistrates’ court or the Crown Court. The magistrates’ court may decline jurisdiction where for example in cases involving a weapon/throwing objects, or conduct that causes serious

Option agreements—the need for a long-stop date

Call options are frequently used by developers to secure a right to buy land if planning permission is obtained. Taking an option provides the developer with time to make and pursue a planning application before having to commit to paying for the land. The developer's initial outlay will be limited